Guide Documentation
Key Takeaways
- Certificate of Occupancy (C of O): A 99-year state grant issued by the state government.
- Governor’s Consent: Mandatory state approval required whenever property with an existing C of O is sold.
- Gazette & Excision: Official government records demarcating ancestral land released to local communities.
- Deed of Assignment: The primary instrument transferring ownership interest from seller to buyer.
The Core Legal Documents Explained#
Under the Land Use Act of 1978, all land in a state is vested in the State Governor. Ownership is held as a leasehold interest (typically 99 years). Here is what each title document means:
- Certificate of Occupancy (C of O): The primary document granted by the Governor confirming that the holder has statutory right of occupancy.
- Governor’s Consent: When a property owner with a C of O sells to you, the Governor must give consent to the transfer. Without Governor’s Consent, the transaction is legally incomplete.
- Excision & Gazette: An excision is a formal government release of land back to indigenous communities. The Gazette is the official government publication recording the excision boundaries.
- Deed of Assignment: The legal contract drafted by a property lawyer outlining the transfer of property rights, purchase consideration, and covenants.
BALL Advisory Tip
Never accept a simple file number or verbal assurances as proof of clear ownership. Always insist on an independent search report at the Lands Registry.
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